Project Networks Dangers Benefits

Within the project management domain, project networks are fundamental tools used to illustrate the sequence in which a project’s terminal components are to be completed by constructing a network representation of the cardinal project activities and their dependencies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Project Networks: Dangers Benefits specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Project networks, which are often constructed as graphs or flow charts, are important not only in understanding the types of activity dependencies and when they are utilized within the project management discourse, but also identifying the critical path in the project (Lewis, 2006). The present short paper aims at identifying and discussing some of the dangers and benefits of using project networks. Although project managers often design project networks to assist them plan for the completion of important project activities, these tools act a s a catalyst for unforeseen problems or dangers that may adversely affect project timelines (Chinowsky et al., 2011). For instance, some project networks of very large projects may be extremely complicated and confusing, with hundreds or even thousands of project activities and dependency relationships, leading to difficulties not only in highlighting the critical path in the project, but also identifying the types of constraints that create activity sequences (Soderlund, 2012). Additionally, project management literature demonstrates that project networks run the risk of prediction inaccuracies as they depend on the capacity to predict relationships and precise timeframes for a multiplicity of project activities, known as nodes. Project management scholarship reveals that this prediction of precedence relationships using arrows (arcs) may be difficult for complicated projects involving many activities and suppliers (Soderlund, 2012), and also fails to make provisions for unexpected events that may present within the lifecycle of the project (Lewis, 2006). Another danger in using project networks presents itself in the form of planning, as most models of project networks presume that all preceding project activities must be fully (100%) complete before the commencement of a new project activity.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This limitation often leads to inefficient project planning because, in practice, the sequences, interdependencies and timelines may differ, leading to a shift in the critical path (Soderlund, 2012). Moving on, it is important to explain under what circumstances project networks may be beneficial and when they may prove dangerous. Extant project management literature demonstrates that project networks may be beneficial in detailed large project planning as they assist in the identification of project activities and activity depen dencies; that is, they provide a clear graphical picture between and among project activities (Soderlund, 2012). Project networks, according to Lewis (2006), are also beneficial in circumstances where it is important for the project manager to demonstrate a visible critical path for the successful completion of the project. Many projects require that project managers demonstrate all activities that cannot in any way be delayed without negatively affecting the project completion date. In such situations, the use of project networks is essential as they not only make the critical path visible, but also predict relationships between dependencies (Lewis, 2006). Lastly, it has been demonstrated that project networks facilitate commitment and dedication of all stakeholders in meeting the timelines, cost, and performance intentions of the project. Communication and knowledge sharing are also advanced using project networks. In discussing the dangers, it is imperative to mention that projec t networks may provide a dangerous precedent when used in large complicated projects due to multitudes of dependency relationships that may lead to confusion and planning inefficiencies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Project Networks: Dangers Benefits specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Additionally, it may be dangerous to use project networks in scenarios where the owners of the project demand strict interpretation of project activities and their interrelationships because these tools have weaknesses in making accurate predictions about relationships and precise timelines (Chinowsky et al., 2011). These tools also do not account for unexpected events that may affect the project, either positively or negatively. References Chinowsky, P., Taylor, J.E., Di Marco, M. (2011). Project network interdependency alignment: New approach to assessing project effectiveness. Journal of Management Engineering, 27(3), 170-178 . Lewis, J.P. (2006). Fundamentals of project management (3rd ed.). New York, NY: AMACOM. Soderlund, J. (2012). Project management, interdependencies, and time insights from managing larger systems by Sayles and Chandler. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 5(4), 617-633. This essay on Project Networks: Dangers Benefits was written and submitted by user Jaxon E. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

World Response to Tiananmen Square Massacre essays

World Response to Tiananmen Square Massacre essays The Worlds Response to One of Chinas Most Embarrassing Events In the spring of 1989 in Beijing, China tens of thousands of student protesters lined the streets surrounding Tiananmen Square and filled the square itself. The reasons for their pro-democracy protests were numerous but the biggest issue on their agenda was the government and its communist party. The students believed their government was corrupt and wanted it replaced with a democratic and freely elected institution. On May 20th, 1989 martial law was ordered and after nearly two weeks of debating and negotiating between the government and students the protest came to a deadly conclusion beginning June 3rd, 1989. The world was watching live television broadcasts of the human rights violations carried out by the Peoples Liberation Army (PLA) ordered by the government of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). The worlds reactions were wide ranging that had social, economical, and political impacts on China that are still felt today. In order to understand the events of Tiananmen and what made a government murder hundreds or possibly thousands of its own citizens, no one knows the exact number, we must look back into the history of China and her people. Chinas history is quite possibly the oldest on earth so we will be brief with the historical background, only so you can get an idea because this paper is not about the history of China. Because Chinas history is so vast and so many dynasties assumed power between 2200 BCE and 1911 CE, which is when dynasties went away and The Republic of China, was formed, we cannot cover them justly here without writing another research paper. So I will only list the dynasty with its ruling dates and some facts about the dynasty. Chinas history, as far as we can prove, starts at around 2200 BCE with the Xia dynasty. There is very little known about this dynasty except they d...

An Evaluation of Fossil Fuel,Hybrid Energies Alternative Fuel Essay

An Evaluation of Fossil Fuel,Hybrid Energies Alternative Fuel - Essay Example It concludes by recommending an amalgamation of the two energy forms, and increased development of the hybrid energy sources, so that an endless supply of cheap and clean energy can be provided. Harris Kamran Environmental Studies Research Paper 11 August 2011 An evaluation of fossil fuels and hybrid energies as alternate fuel Background: The availability of abundant, cheap, and clean energy is a prerequisite for the advancement and progress of any country, both in terms of technology and society (Eltawil, Zhengming, & Yuan, 2009). This means that energy supplies make the bedrock of development. The most commonly used forms of energy come from the traditional sources, which are termed fossil fuels due to the process of their development; these fuels include coal, oil, and natural gas (Glaser, 1968), and originate from the fossilized remains of plants and animals. Hence, they are organic in nature, and widely available around the world (Glaser, 1968), since their availability does not depend upon artificially generated raw materials or rare minerals. These fuels have been widely used all over the world for energy production, not only because of their rampant availability, but also because of their cheap production costs and low cost of the yield (Glaser, 1968). However, the produce is often not well-refined, or even if it is refined, it is not entirely clean, so that these forms of energy are associated with phenomena such as greenhouse gases and global warming (Glaser, 1968). Owing to their organic composition, these fuels give off copious amounts of carbon, sulfur, and other chemicals when burned, leasing not only to the destruction of the ozone layer (Glaser, 1968), but also to human medical conditions and the destruction of ecosystems (Keatinge & Donaldson, 2004). These threats to the well-being of the geo-sphere at large have resulted in a concern about their continued and increased used by the growing population (Glaser, 1968), and experts have expressed d oubt about the safety and practicality of these fuels in the present day society (Glaser, 1968). Another issue is the limited, albeit abundant, supply of these fuels, which is threatened to run out anytime in the future (Glaser, 1968). Due to these reasons, there is an increased research into hybrid forms of energy as alternate energy sources. These energy sources include, but are not limited to, solar power, hydropower, hydrogen fuel cells, techniques such as MED, MSF, and Reverse Osmosis, wind energy, tidal energy, biofuel, and other techniques that offer a relatively clean and unlimited supply of energy (Eltawil, Zhengming, & Yuan, 2009). This paper purports to discuss some of these alternate energy sources, especially as they compare to the traditional fossil fuels, to determine the worth and value of these hybrid energy sources in the mainstream market and their application both industrially and domestically. It begins with by presenting the advantages and disadvantages of both energy forms, discussing the infrastructure and policies of the government with regard to the development of these energy forms, a comparison of the impact on the environment of these energies, both the traditional and hybrid forms, comparison and discussion